1, 2 Subsequent research categorized the effects of adrenal insufficiency into two distinct groups: those due to electrolyte imbalance and those due to altered carbohydrate metabolism. This chapter reviews corticosteroid pharmacology and physiology, discusses the use of these hormonal agents in the treatment of neoplasms, and presents the currently understood mechanism of action of corticosteroids in the context of their therapeutic efficacy.Īs early as the mid-nineteenth century, it was observed that a lack of functional adrenal glands is incompatible with life. Since their first clinical application, intensive research has expanded our understanding of the physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology of steroids and has led to a large body of literature addressing the therapeutic use and harmful side effects of corticosteroids. Cortisol and its synthetic analogs have been in widespread clinical use for the treatment of a variety of disorders for more than 50 years.
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